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CRYPTOSPORIDIUM AND GIARDIA - Science

Rapid diagnostic tests relying on antigen detection from stool as an efficient point of care testing strategy for giardiasis and cryptosporidiosis? Evaluation of a new immunochromatographic duplex assay.

Goudal A, Laude A, Valot S, Desoubeaux G, Argy N, Nourrisson C, Pomares C, Machouart M, Le Govic Y, Dalle F, Botterel F, Bourgeois N, Cateau E, Leterrier M, Lavergne RA, Beser J, Le Pape P, Morio F.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2018 Jul 25 : S0732-8893(18)30248-7.

Abstract

Microscopy is the gold standard for the diagnosis of gastrointestinal parasites but is time-consuming and dependent on operator skills. Rapid diagnostic tests represent alternative methods but most evaluations have been conducted on a limited number of samples preventing their implementation in the clinical setting. We evaluated a new CE-IVD marked immunochromatographic assay (Crypto/Giardia K-SeT®, Coris BioConcept) for the detection of G. intestinalis and Cryptosporidium spp. in 2 phases (retrospective and prospective) on a set of 482 stool samples including rare Cryptosporidium species. Besides G. intestinalis, this test could represent a rapid and reliable alternative to the modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining for the diagnosis of cryptosporidiosis (sensitivity/specificity were 89.2%/99.3% and 86.7%/100% for G. intestinalis and Cryptosporidium resp.), reducing diagnostic delays. Such strategy would also be time-saving by avoiding wet mount microscopy and concentrations steps, being particularly appropriate for laboratories having little expertise in microscopy or not able to implement molecular diagnostic methods.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30122511

Rapid detection of Giardia intestinalis and Cryptosporidium spp. in stool samples using an antigen based detection approach : evaluation of a new commercial immunochromatographic strip test

A. Goudal, A. Laude, S. Valot, G. Desoubeaux, N. Argy, C. Nourrisson, C. Pomares, M. Machouart, Y. Le Govic, F. Dalle, F. Botterel, N. Bourgeois, E. Cateau, M. Leterrier, RA. Lavergne, P. Le Pape and F. Morio
27th European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Infectious Diseases April 22 – 25, 2017
Poster

Evaluation of 5 different rapid tests for the detection of Giardia lamblia cysts and/or Cryptosporidium parvum oöcysts in faecal samples

van Dommelen1 L, Croughs P, Mank T, Mulder B, Wolffs P, Stelma F
Ned Tijdschr Med Microbiol 2008;16:Supplement

 

Cryptosporidium parvum

A COMPARISON OF RAPID DIAGNOSTIC TEST AND MODIFIED ZIEHL-NEELSEN METHOD IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS.

Dahal AS, Okolo OM, Onyedibe IK, Cosmas TN, Sabitu MZ, Banwat BE, Egah ZD
Caliphate Medical Journal 2021 June;9(2):539-542

Abstract

Background: Cryptosporidium parvum as a leading cause of persistent diarrhoea in developing countries causes a more severe illness in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The intermittent shedding of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in stool, even in patients with massive diarrhoea, makes diagnosis difficult. This study evaluated the validity of Crypto-Strip test in comparison to the modified Ziehl-Neelsen for the diagnosis of Cryptosporidium infection using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as gold standard. Methods: This was a hospital based cross-sectional study of 100 HIV positive patients with diarrhoea at a tertiary health facility in Jos, Nigeria. We collected 15mls of stool sample and relevant information from patients who gave informed consent. The oocytes of Cryptosporidium parvum were identified in the stool samples using modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain and Rapid diagnostic test (Crypto-Strip). We also ran all samples using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Statistical analysis was with statistical package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. Result: Out of the 100 stool samples analysed, 13 (13%) were positive for cryptosporidiosis by PCR. Crypto- Strips recorded 12 (12%) positive with one (1) being false negative as compared to PCR. Conversely, eight (8%) of the 100 samples collected were positive for Cryptosporidium oocysts using modified Ziehl Neelsen (mZN) stain. Out of the eight positives by mZN stain, two were false positive as both tested negative by the PCR. The Crypto-Strip test kit had a sensitivity of 92.3% and a specificity of 100.0% and also positive and negative predictive values of 100.0% and 98.9%, respectively. Whereas, the modified Ziehl Neelsen stain had a sensitivity of 46.2% and a specificity of 97.7% with a positive and negative predictive value of 75.0% and 92.4%, respectively. Conclusion: In this study, we have shown that Crypto-Strip test was a better diagnostic method for the diagnosis of cryptosporidiosis than mZN stain and should be recommended for use where PCR is not available.

https://www.cmj.nmasokoto.org/

Diagnosis of Cryptosporidium parvum with microscopy, striptest, ELISA and realtime PCR

Vastert D, Brinkman M, Wilke H, Mulder B
Diagnostic and laboratory methods in parasites and fungi. 16th ECCMID 2006
Diagnosis of Cryptosporidium with microscopy

Evaluation of an immunochromatographic dip-strip test for the detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts in stool specimens.

Llorente MT, Clavel A, Varea M, Olivera S, Castillo FJ, Sahagún J, Rubio MC, Gómez-Lus R.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2002 Aug;21(8):624-5. Epub 2002 Aug 10.

Abstract

The study presented here examined the efficacy of a commercially available qualitative immunochromatographic assay for detecting Cryptosporidium oocysts in stool samples. A total of 75 samples were tested, including 50 positive for Cryptosporidium spp. by acid-fast stain, 20 positive for other parasites ( Blastocystis hominis, Endolimax nana, Entamoeba coli, Giardia lamblia, Ascaris lumbricoides, Strongyloides stercoralis and Trichuris trichiura), and five negative samples. The observed sensitivity was 98%, while specificity was 100%; the detection threshold was near 1000 oocysts/ml. Correctly diagnosed positive samples included Cryptosporidium parvum genotypes 1 and 2, whereas the single false-negative sample corresponded to a Cryptosporidium meleagridis infection.

Evaluation of an immunochromatpgraphy test (Crypto-Strip) for the detection of Cryptosporidium parvum in stool samples.

Llorente MT, Clavel A, Varea M, Olivera S, Gonzalez-Asun V, Castillo FJ, Sahagún J, Rubio MC, Gómez-Lus R. 
VII Congreso Ibérico de Parasitología. Oporto18-21 September 2001
Evaluation of CryptoStrip Test

Traduccion espanol
Evaluacion CryptoStrip

L’immunochromatographie, technique alternative à la microscopie et à l’ELISA, pour la détection rapide, simple, efficace et performante du Cryptosporidium Parvum.

Depierreux C, Pé E, Paquet A, Raimond O, Leclipteux T.
Focus Diagnostica Vol. 9 (1) – 2001 – p. 90-93
Immunochromatographie Cryptosporidium

Nederlandstalige traductie
Immunochromatografie Cryptosporidium

Comparison of an immunochromatpgraphic test with ELISA to detect Cryptosporidium parvum in stool specimens

Depierreux C, Leclipteux T
Seventh Conference of the Federation of Infection Societies” November 2000
Comparison of CryptoStrip with ELISA

 

Giardia lamblia

Detection of Giardia Lambia infection using Immunochromatographic assay andTrichrome-stained fecal smears

Dizon, SA., Lin, Tim LT., Manalastas, Keen Zherene T., Pilares, Felicia AD., Sy, Michael SG. and Hapan, Ma. Frieda Z.
Thesis, University of Santo Tomas, 2012.

Abstract

Diarrhea has been a major cause of morbidity worldwide. One of the most common intestinal parasites associated with diarrhea is Giardia lamblia. The study determined the incidence of Giardia lamblia infection among children ages 5 – 9 years old in Barangay Urdaneta, Magallanes, Cavite. Stool specimens were collected in three different days from fifty volunteer subjects and were examined using microscopic and Antibody-based methods. Trichrome staining, which enhances the structural features of the cyst, was used on the fecal smears and nine of the subjects were found positive. Serologically, Coris BioConcept Giardia Strip, which applies immunochromatography, was used for the antigenic detection of the parasite. Consequently, ten subjects showed positive results. One (2%) of the fifty subjects had a positive Giardia Strip result however no Giardia lamblia cyst was found in the trichromestained smear. This discrepancy suggests that the Immunochromatographic Assay may be more sensitive than microscopy, which is considered the reference standard, and that the results may be dependent on the epidemiology of the infection in the subjects. A contingency table was done to determine the sensitivity (100%), specificity (97.56%), positive (90%) and negative (100%) predictive values of the Antibody-based technique compared to microscopic examination.

Evaluation of an immunochromatographic assay: Giardia-Strip® (Coris BioConcept) for detection of Giardia intestinalis in human fecal specimens

T. K. T. Nguyen, H. Kherouf, V. Blanc-Pattin, E. Allais, Y. Chevalier, A. Richez, C. Ramade and F. Peyron
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2012 Apr;31(4):623-5. Epub 2011 Jul 6.

No abstract available.

Evaluation of an immunochromatographic assay: Giardia-STRIP® (Coris BioConcept) for detection of Giardia intestinalis in human fecal specimens.

Nguyen TKT, Kherouf H, Blanc-Pattin V, Allais E, Chevalier Y, Richez A, Ramade C and  Peyron F.
Journées conjointes de Société française de mycologie médicale, Société française de parasitologie, Société de médecine des voyages. Angers19-21 mai 2010.
Evaluation of GiardiaStrip Test

Evaluation du test de diagnostic rapide Giardia Strip (CORIS BioConcept) pour la

détection de Giardia intestinalis dans les selles.  Lyon, 17 mai 2010
Evaluation du GiardiaStrip

Evaluation of the Giardia-strip: an in vitro immunochromatographic test for the detection of Giardia lamblia cysts in faecal specimens.

Van Kerkhoven D, Lontie M, Verhaegen J, Lagrou K
15th European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases April-2-5, 2005.
Evaluation of GiardiaStrip

Evaluacion del método inmunochromatografico Giardia-Strip en la deteccion de quistes en material fecal.

Jaramillo R
Caracas, Diciembre 2004
Evaluacion GiardiaStrip

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